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FInE

Functionality of the Intestinal Ecosystem

The human intestinal microbiota, as we know it today, appears to be very complex. In order to move towards a holistic understanding of the gut microbiota, including its non-cultivable component, which is still in the majority to date, we have contributed to the development of a new and powerful approach, metagenomics, which has enabled rapid progress in the characterisation of the genomic and genetic diversity of the gut microbiota. For example, the microbial genome (microbiome) of each individual contains ~28 times more genes than the human genome. The microbiota is, moreover, considered to be a host organ in its own right.

The FInE team aims to deepen the current understanding of the fundamental role played by the microbiota in human health. Our objective is to better understand the mechanisms of the human-microbe symbiosis and the influence of our diet, in particular the importance of fibre, polyphenols and probiotics, in order to define strategies for its modulation. FInE is a joint team linked to the MICA and AlimH departments of INRAE. It is closely linked to MetaGenoPolis since it contributed to the emergence of two of its platforms (SAMBO and MétaFun).

Our research is based on four main themes carried out by the team’s researchers and supported by 4 technical workshops and a fermenter platform in collaboration with MGP

Research axis

  • Anorexia nervosa and microbiota - FInEImpact of dietary habit or denutrition on Intestinal ecology.
  • Role of microbial modulation on disease outcome and treatment.
  • Role of dysbiotic microbiota on host physiology related to AN (hormonal dysregulation, weight modulation, behavior…).
 
  • Impact of food, probiotics… on intestinal ecology - FInEUse of Fermeters and screens to assess the impact of food (Fibers, fermented food, polyphenols, prebiotics, natural molecules (plant/mineral)), exo-molecules and bacteria : pathogens, commensals, probiotics
  • Diversity richness (16S rRNA), metabolites (SCFA…), quantitative metagenomics, test on epithelial cell reporter system and enzymatic assays, evolution of bacteria (pathogen or commensal)

A new concept of critical transition in the intestinal ecosystem - FInE

Analysis of microbiota ecology and stability in in vivo models (colitis, diet…) and confirmation in Human cohorts 16S and metagenomics analysis, in vivo models.

Response of the host to microbial modulations - FInE

  • Role of innate immune receptors on intestinal homeostasis (obesity, colitis and colorectal cancer).
  • Role of the microbiota on enteroendocrine cells plasticity, impact on gut hormones
  • Tools used: cell biology (reporter cell lines, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, organoids), in vivo analysis (KO and mouse models for cell sorting), transcriptomics, peptidomics

Team members

Camille LE GLEAU

Indira DENNEMONT

Rozenn DERVYN

Joël DORE

Delphine POLVE

Tristan GABRIEL

Christelle BRESSUIRE

Alice MALET

Catherine JUSTE

Romane MARION

Christel MAILLET

Nicolas LAPAQUE

Lucas MIDOUX

Alexandre JAMET

Mouna HANACHI GUIDOM

Laura CHIARAVANO

Colombe ROUS

Adèle TREUIL-DUSSOUET

Pierre LARRAUFIE

Stanislas MONDOT

Fabienne BEGUET CRESPEL

Maarten VAN DE GUCHTE

Patrick VEIGA

Julie CADIOU

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Key points

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